Introduction The knee is the largest joint in our body. It is one to the most easily injured joints. Knee problems can occur from injury, aging, “wear and tear,” or disease, such as arthritis. Arthritis causes joint pain, stiffness, and…

Introduction Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils most common in children and adolescents. It is typically caused by a virus, although it can also be caused by a bacterial infection. Common symptoms include sore throat, difficulty swallowing and fever.…

Introduction Not only is toenail fungus unsightly, but it is difficult to treat. You should consult a podiatrist at the first sign of toenail fungus, such as white or yellow spots on the nails. Your doctor will provide treatments to…

Introduction Toe fractures can certainly hurt, but they are rarely incapacitating. They most frequently result from some type of trauma. The majority of toe fractures can heal without surgery. Anatomy Your toes are part of your forefoot. Your big toe…

Introduction The tibia, commonly called the shinbone, is located in your lower leg. A tibia fracture is a common injury. A fracture is a broken bone. Vehicle crashes, falls, and sports injuries are frequent causes of tibia fractures. Depending on…

Introduction Your liver is one of the largest organs in your body, second only to your skin. Your liver is located in your right upper abdomen and is protected by your ribcage. Your liver performs over 100 functions—most of them…

The Heart: How it Works The heart is the core of the cardiovascular system. Your cardiovascular system consists of your heart and the blood vessels that carry blood throughout your body. Your heart is located to the left of the…

Introduction Your visual system consists of your eyes, nerve pathways, and your brain. Your eyes are where the visual process begins. Nerve pathways extend from your eyes and carry messages throughout your brain for processing. Your brain interprets what you…

Introduction Whenever you eat and drink, food travels through your digestive system for processing. Your body absorbs nutrients and removes waste products via your digestive system. As water is absorbed from your digestive system, the waste products become more solid…

Introduction Tension headaches are the most common type of primary headache, meaning that they are not caused by an underlying medical disorder. Most people will experience a tension headache in their lifetime. They occur most frequently between the ages of…